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ASTM D523 is the standard test method for specular gloss of nonmetallic paint films and related coatings, measuring gloss at specified geometries (typically 20°, 60°, and 85°). It’s widely used to quantify surface appearance and to control coating quality, with 60° often used as a general-purpose reference, 20° for high gloss, and 85° for low gloss finishes.

specimens (typically those that measure above 70 GU at 60°). 60° Geometry

Both standards are very similar in their technical content and often harmonized. ASTM D523 primarily specifies measurements in inch-pound units with SI units as a secondary conversion, while ISO 2813 is primarily in SI units. For most practical gloss measurements, the two methods are considered technically equivalent, though the exact wording and some procedural notes may differ.

"Meaning, Thorne’s 'proprietary method' likely uses the older, wider tolerance. That allows for more light scatter, which artificially inflates the gloss reading on curved surfaces." She zoomed in on the text. "If the car was re-sprayed with a modern, high-solid clear coat and then measured with an old machine, it would read 90 GU. But if you measure it with the geometry defined in the new ASTM D523..." astm d523 pdf new

[ Low Gloss ] [ Medium Gloss ] [ High Gloss ] Semi-Matte / Matte Standard Finishes Mirror-Like / Piano Black | | | v v v 85° Angle 60° Angle 20° Angle 1. The 60-Degree Geometry (The Gateway Angle)

While the fundamental principles of gloss measurement change rarely, ASTM continuously reviews its standards for technical accuracy. Ensuring you have the latest (such as the current valid version in 2026) ensures:

Surfaces should ideally be flat, clean, and homogeneous. While small samples can be tested, multiple data points on a larger surface are preferred to ensure a representative average. ASTM D523 is the standard test method for

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If the initial 60-degree reading exceeds 70 GU , the material is high-gloss. You must re-test the sample using the 20-degree geometry to get a more accurate evaluation. 3. The 85-Degree Geometry (For Low-Gloss/Matte Surfaces)

Significant clarification has been added regarding the use of a flat surface. The new PDF stresses that sample curvature greater than a defined radius invalidates the test. 60° Geometry Both standards are very similar in

The search for is the search for credibility. In quality control, using an old, pirated, or incomplete standard is worse than having no standard at all—it gives you false confidence in your data.

Updates often clarify calibration techniques or measurement procedures to reduce error.

ASTM D523 is a standard test method specifically designed for measuring specular gloss. Gloss is a critical property in the assessment of the appearance of surfaces, especially for coatings, paints, and plastics. It refers to the shiny or reflective quality of a surface, which can significantly influence the aesthetic and functional performance of a product. The standard provides a detailed framework for using a goniophotometer or a glossmeter to measure the specular gloss of non-metallic surfaces.

of non-metallic materials like paints, plastics, and coatings. Quick Reference: The Three Geometries